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Germanium Quantum Technology

01 /What can CMOS technology do for quantum computing? 02 /Semiconductor devices and scaling with industrial approach 03 /Semiconductor foundry facilities: the good and the bad for qubits 04 /IMEC's latest qubit developments 05 /Summary and outlook 06 /Semiconductors for spin qubits 07 /Germanium quantum wells on silicon 08 /Germanium quantum wells on silicon-germanium 09 /Growth methods 10 /Characterization techniques 11 /Electrical characterization of germanium quantum wells 12 /Fabrication of H-FET 13 /Semiconductor qubits: vision and challenges 14 /Quantum materials 15 /Quantum dot qubits and their operation 16 /Types of quantum dot qubits 17 /Qubit Readout 18 /Qubit Control 19 /Qubit Coherence and Fidelity 20 /Multi-qubit control and quantum algorithms 21 /Quantum links and scaling 22 /Physics of holes 23 /Hole spin qubits 24 /Introduction to electronics for quantum computing 25 /Room temperature electronics 26 /Cryogenic qubit chip carriers 27 /Contribution to IGNITE 28 /Quantum Control Stack for Spin Qubits 29 /Auto-tuning a quantum computer 30 /Tuning and operation of arrays 31 /Finding operation points example 32 /What is auto-tuning? 33 /Neural network tuning 34 /Navigating charge stability diagrams 35 /Experimental implementation 36 /Towards universal quantum algorithms 37 /Classical error correction 38 /Quantum error correction 39 /Progress and challenges 40 /Introduction to quantum algorithms 41 /The first algorithms 42 /Quantum annealing 43 /Quantum Machine Learning

Progress and challenges

In this video, the recent development of performing a rudimentary quantum error correction experiment with Germanium hole spin qubits is discussed. The differences with respect to the canonical quantum repetition code scheme discussed in Part 2 are highlighted. A few upcoming challenges toward fault-tolerant quantum computing are listed. 

Prerequisite knowledge

  • Quantum repetition code

Main takeaways

  • The first quantum error correction experiment has been recently performed with Germanium hole spin qubits. 
  • This experiment illustrates that a complex combination of initialisation, coherent control and readout steps needed to perform a quantum error correction experiment can be assembled and operated in a four-qubit Germanium device. 
  • This experiment does not achieve the break-even point of the implemented error correction code.  
  • An important future milestone is to reach the break-even point for such a small code, which requires an improvement in the quality of the operations.   

Further thinking

Which circuit element has NOT been implemented in the quantum error correction experiment discussed in the video?

a. Qubit initialisation
b. Quantum gates.
c. Mid-circuit measurement
d. End-of-circuit measurement

Solution

Further reading

The experiment discussed in this video has been published here: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41534-022-00639-8

Another experimental demonstration of quantum error correction with spin qubits: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-04986-6

Quantum error correction with superconducting qubit: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-04566-8